(* = recent additions)

*MATURE CONIFEROUS FOREST HABITAT: Defined as the habitat which meets the structural and spacial requirements of the American martin.  This habitat is characterized by relatively large patches of mature or over-mature, softwood dominated forest.

 *MULTIPLE-PASS HARVESTING: By definition multiple-pass harvesting is done under uneven-aged management regimes, however, current usuage of the term is not standardized.  Multiple-pass harvesting is a prescription whereby part of the spruce, fir, and jack pine volume is removed in the initial harvest and the remaining merchantable volume is removed in a second or third harvest several periods (2-3) later (JD Irving).  Serves the purpose of salvaging imminent mortality while providing an alternative to clearcutting.  Some other assumptions include;

-stands should have sufficient volume (> 100m3/ha ?) to support economically feasible later cuts,

-up to 30% of the lowest grade volume is removed in the first cut. 

-the minimum residual BA should be 18 to 20 m2/ha

-the subsequent passes in 10-15 year cycles

-establish regeneration at each intervention

 OVERSTORY REMOVAL Overstory removal presciptions remove almost all merchantable stems of all species in a single treatment entry. This even-aged management presciption pays particular attention to the protection and release of well established regeneration in the understory. Full planting is not required following an overstory removalharvest, however some fill planting of trails or small un-regenerated p-atches in the block may be prescribed. Maintenance of sufficient vertical structure is also a a consideration in overstory removal prescription, and we assume that 3% of the pretreatment volume will remain as a residual component of the new stand. (source: JD Irving)

*PARTIAL CUTTING:    Partial cutting is an intermediate treatment,   not to be considered as a reproduction cuttings.  This treatment involves the removal of the commercial softwood species in a stand, leaving other, non-commercial species standing.  Differs from two-pass harvesting in that the residual stand may never be harvested.  Cutover response is not well defined.  When used in a general sense, partial cutting may refer to any cutting other than clearcutting.

PATCH CUTTING (2 entry ) Patch or strip cut prescriptions are even-aged managment similar to clearcuts or overstory removal; however, the opening size is much smaller: 2-5 ha patches or 10 -20 meter wide strips. In these prescriptions , approximately 30-40% of the area (and volume) will be harvested during the first entry, (modelled as 33% removal). The remaining two thirds of the harvest block will be removed 5-15 years later( modelled as 10years re-entry).

This presciption is typically used where opening size is an issue and clearcutting is not an option. (source:JD Irving)PATCH CUTTING (3 entry ) Similar to above, approximately 30-40% of the area (and volume) will be harvested during the first entry, (modelled as 33% removal) using small patches (typically less than 2ha) or strips (10-20 meters). For this prescription however, there will be two subsequent entries seprerated by 10yrs removing 50% of the remaining stand area each entry. This prescription will also be used in stand adjacency situations, but will typically be directed to the promotion of natural regeneration of either softwood or hardwood stands. For example, 3 entry patch cuts are often prescibed in low quality TH stands in an effort to stimulate higher quality regeneration such as yellow birch and sugar maple. (source: JD Irving)

PATCH CUTTING (3 entry ) Similar to above, approximately 30-40% of the area (and volume) will be harvested during the first entry, (modelled as 33% removal) using small patches (typically less than 2ha) or strips (10-20 meters). For this prescription however, there will be two subsequent entries seprerated by 10yrs removing 50% of the remaining stand area each entry. This prescription will also be used in stand adjacency situations, but will typically be directed to the promotion of natural regeneration of either softwood or hardwood stands. For example, 3 entry patch cuts are often prescibed in low quality TH stands in an effort to stimulate higher quality regeneration such as yellow birch and sugar maple. (source: JD Irving)

REGENERATION STATUS: Is a measure of the presence or absence of suitable advanced regeneration. 

REPRODUCTION METHOD: See Silvicultural System

 *RIPARIAN ZONE: Buffer zone associated with a watercourse, at least 15 m in width with no harvesting permitted.  The primary management objective is to protect water quality and fish habitat, and to provide travel corridors and other wildlife habitat.

ROTATION AGE:

SEED TREE CUTTING: See Silvicultural Systems

SELECTION CUTTING: See Silvicultural Systems

SHELTERWOOD CUTTING: See Silvicultural Systems