(* = recent additions)

DEER YARD:

 DWA: Deer Wintering Area (DWA) refers to areas of winter use, not identified within a DWAMU and not incorporated in the management plan.DWAMU: Deer Wintering Area Management Units identifies areas explicitly incorporated into the forest management plan.  These forested areas are used year after year by deer seeking winter shelter, and are characterized by concentrations of mature, high density and hence high crown or canopy closure, of softwood trees (the core range).  In addition a food source such as mixed hardwoods and softwoods are also found in association with the dense softwood cover.  Must contain at least 50% functional shelter at all times. (Vermont)

EDGE:

 EVEN-AGED MANAGEMENT SYSTEM: Even-aged management practices favour the establishment of trees of a similar age, and grow through the rotation in a similar fashion.  Even-aged stands contain trees in which the difference in age between the oldest and the youngest trees does not exceed 10 to 20 years or 25% of the rotation age.  The trees tend to be rather uniform in height, but frequently in unmanaged stands, cover a wide range of diameters.  Even-aged stands develop after sudden removal of the previous stand by fire, budworm or logging.  The diameter distribution in a even-aged stand, plots as a characteristically bell-shaped curve.

 FORAGE:

 FUNCTIONAL SHELTER: Softwood cover at least 35 feet tall, with at least 70% crown closure. (Vermont)

 HARVEST INTERVAL: see cutting cycle

 HARVEST (CUTTING) METHOD: The harvsting or cutting method pertains to the method of felling and extracting the trees, ie., the types of machinery used.

 IMMINENT MORTALITY:  Imminent mortality refers to standing trees which are in immediate danger of dying, thus losing that volume.

 IMPROVEMENT CUTTING: A collective term for any treatment designed to improve the composition and quality of the residual stand by removing less desireable trees of any species. (SAF, syn., intermediate treatments)